Carboplatin is an anti neoplastic drug. The binding of Carboplatin to genomic DNA in the cell nucleus to create interstrand and intrastrand cross-links is the primary mechanism of the cytotoxic activity. This causes disruptions in the regular transcription and/or DNA replication processes, which sets off cytotoxic reactions that result in cell death.

Note

• Because aluminum reacts with carboplatin, causing precipitate formation and potency loss, needles or intravenous sets containing aluminum parts that may come into contact with the drug should not be used for PARAPLATIN preparation or administration.

Single-Agent Therapy

• Carboplatin Injection has been shown to be effective as a single agent in patients with recurrent ovarian carcinoma at a dose of 360 mg/m2 IV on day 1 every 4 weeks (alternatively see Formula Dosing). Single intermittent courses of PARAPLATIN, on the other hand, should not be repeated until the neutrophil count is at least 2,000 and the platelet count is at least 100,000.

Combination Therapy with Cyclophosphamide

In the chemotherapy of advanced ovarian cancer, an effective combination for previously untreated patients consists of: 

• PARAPLATIN—300 mg/m2 IV on day 1 every 4 weeks for 6 cycles.
• Cyclophosphamide—600 mg/m² IV on day 1 every 4 weeks for 6 cycles. For directions regarding the use and administration of cyclophosphamide please refer to its package insert.
• Intermittent courses of PARAPLATIN in combination with cyclophosphamide should not be repeated until the neutrophil and platelet counts are at least 2,000 and 100,000, respectively.

Dose Adjustment Recommendations 

Baseline Creatinine Clearance: Recommended Dose on Day 1-

• 41-59 mL/min: 250 mg/m²
• 16-40 mL/min  200 mg/m²

Common adverse reactions are-

• Pancytopenia
• Nausea and vomiting
• Stomatitis
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Ototoxicity
• Alopecia
• Myelosuppression

Pancytopenia

Nausea

Stomatitis

Peripheral neuropathy

• Carboplatin Injection should only be given under the supervision of a qualified physician who is familiar with cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Appropriate therapy and complication management are only possible when adequate treatment facilities are readily available.
• The suppression of bone marrow is dose dependent and can be severe, resulting in infection and/or bleeding. Anemia can build up over time and necessitate transfusions. Another common drug-related side effect is vomiting.
• Anaphylactic reactions to carboplatin have been reported, and they can occur within minutes of taking Carboplatin. To alleviate symptoms, epinephrine, corticosteroids, and antihistamines have been used.
• Carboplatin has a low nephrotoxic potential, but concomitant treatment with aminoglycosides has resulted in increased renal and/or audiologic toxicity, so caution is advised when both drugs are administered to the same patient.
• Carboplatin can cause emesis, which can be worse in patients who have previously received emetogenic therapy. Premedication with antiemetics has reduced the occurrence and severity of emesis.
• Although peripheral neurotoxicity is uncommon, it is more common in patients over the age of 65 and in those who have previously received cisplatin.
• High carboplatin doses (more than four times the recommended dose) have caused severe abnormalities in liver function tests.
• When given to a pregnant woman, carboplatin injection may cause fetal harm.