Sitagliptin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 

Diabetes

Sitagliptin is prescribed in doses of 50 mg twice daily and 100 mg once daily. It is possible to take sitagliptin with or without food.

Side effects reported with use of sitagliptin are as follows-

• hypoglycemia
• upper respiratory tract infection
• nasopharyngitis
• headache

Hypoglycemia (Low Sugar)

URTI (Upper Respiratory Tract Infection)

Nasopharyngitis

Headache

• Postmarketing reports of acute pancreatitis, including fatal and nonfatal hemorrhagic or necrotizing pancreatitis, have been received. If pancreatitis is suspected, stop taking Sitagliptin right away.
• There have been postmarketing reports of acute renal failure, requiring dialysis in some cases. Dosage reduction is advised in patients with moderate to severe renal insufficiency, as well as those with ESRD. Prior to starting Sitagliptin and on a regular basis, renal function should be evaluated.
• When Sitagliptin is combined with an insulin secretagogue (e.g., sulfonylurea) or insulin therapy, the risk of hypoglycemia increases. To reduce the risk of hypoglycemia, consider lowering the dose of the sulfonylurea or insulin.
• There have been postmarketing reports of serious allergic and hypersensitivity reactions in Sitagliptin patients, including anaphylaxis, angioedema, and exfoliative skin conditions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome. In such cases, discontinue Sitagliptin immediately, assess for other potential causes, institute appropriate monitoring and treatment, and begin alternative diabetes treatment.
• There have been no clinical studies that show conclusive evidence of Sitagliptin or any other anti-diabetic drug lowering macrovascular risk.