Name Barium Sulphate
Classes Diagnostic Agent
Radiologic Agent
Diseases CT Scan
MRI Contrast
X-ray

Barium Sulphate

Barium Sulphate is classified as a radiopaque contrast agent. It acts by absorbing X-rays, providing enhanced visibility of certain body structures during medical imaging procedures. The mechanism involves the differential X-ray absorption between the barium-containing contrast medium and the surrounding tissues, aiding in the visualization of anatomical structures.

Barium Sulphate is indicated for diagnostic imaging of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is commonly used for barium swallow studies, barium enemas, and other radiographic examinations to assess the structure and function of the esophagus, stomach, and intestines.

  • Recommended reconstituted oral dose for adults and pediatric patients older than 12 years of age is between 450 mL to 900 mL (9 g to 18 g of barium sulfate, respectively)
  • Pediatric patients younger than 12 years of age adjust reconstituted oral dose based on relative GI volume.
  • Must reconstitute the supplied powder with water before use.  See Full Prescribing Information for reconstitution instructions.

Common adverse reactions associated with Barium Sulphate include:

  • Mild gastrointestinal discomfort
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Constipation
  • Abdominal cramping
  • Aspiration Risk: Special caution should be exercised to avoid aspiration, especially in patients with compromised swallowing reflexes.
  • Allergic Reactions: Although rare, allergic reactions may occur. Patients with a history of contrast medium allergy should be closely monitored.
  • Barium Impaction: There is a risk of barium impaction, particularly in patients with bowel strictures or motility disorders.
  • Hypersensitivity reactions: Emergency equipment and trained personnel should be immediately available

Contraindication

Barium Sulphate is contraindicated in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to barium sulfate or a history of severe reactions to contrast media.

It should not be used in patients with suspected bowel perforation or obstruction.